Build the idea in three steps
- A map has inputs and outputs. Surjectivity means each target element is reached by at least one input.
- Different inputs may still reach the same target. Injectivity would rule out those duplicates.
- An isomorphism requires additional structure and an inverse; surjectivity alone does not establish one.
A small example
Mapping two different order slips to the same tray is compatible with surjectivity, provided every target tray is reached.